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【百瑞视角】保险业供给侧改革及其对律师行业的影响百瑞要闻-北京市百瑞律师事务所官方网站
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【百瑞视角】保险业供给侧改革及其对律师行业的影响
发布日期：2019-06-10     阅读量：1637         分享到：


 本文为“保险法律服务与保险业营商环境”高峰论坛优秀论文，作者为北京市百瑞律师事务所范震律师。经作者同意，予以发布。




作者简介

blob.png

范震

北京市百瑞律师事务所律师、

心理咨询师


   中国人民大学民商法学与中共党史（含党的建设）双硕士、安徽大学法学与经济学双学士；


   《北京时间》、《华律网》特邀律师；曾在厅级国家机关及央企从事政策法规工作；曾经和正在为多家党政机关和事业单位、大型民营企业及社会知名人士提供法律顾问服务。



一、什么是供给侧

 

　所谓供给侧经济学上与需求侧相对应的一个概念，两者组合构成我们大家熟悉的供求关系。

   需求侧聚焦在我国，主要由投资、出口、消费三个板块组成。由于国家产业结构调整和国内外经济形势的变化，这三个领域出现了对应的结构性改变，从而要求供给侧作出对应的改革。

   供给侧聚焦在我国，主要由资本、土地、劳动力、创新等板块组成。供给侧改革的一个重要原因是需求侧的变化，即需求的变化引发的供给领域作出的调整，以形成新的动态平衡。




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二、什么是供给侧改革

  简而言之， 供给侧改革就是针对需求侧的变化作出的理性系统化调整。在我国，供给侧改革是自上而下的结构性改革，是在中央强有力支持下的系统性优化和调整。


   对于供给侧改革，经济专家总结为——用增量改革促存量调整，在增加投资过程中优化投资结构、产业结构开源疏流，在经济可持续高速增长的基础上实现经济可持续发展与人民生活水平不断提高；优化产权结构，国进民进、政府宏观调控与民间活力相互促进；优化投融资结构，促进资源整合，实现资源优化配置与优化再生；优化产业结构、提高产业质量，优化产品结构、提升产品质量；优化分配结构，实现公平分配，使消费成为生产力；优化流通结构，节省交易成本，提高有效经济总量；优化消费结构，实现消费品不断升级，不断提高人民生活品质，实现创新—协调—绿色—开放—共享的发展。




三、什么是保险业供给侧改革

     保险业供给侧改革，就是经济供给侧改革在保险业这一微观领域的体现和调整。保险领域知名专家周延礼将我国保险业供给侧改革归纳为六个要点：

    优化产品供给、深化保险监管供给侧结构性改革、保险定价机制、深化保险促进运营的市场化改革、深化保险市场准入和退出机制改革、符合国家的扶贫攻坚战略。



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四、保险业供给侧改革对律师的影响

     目前我国保险领域传统律师业务主要包括为投保人、被保险人、受益人所提供的法律服务；为保险业务员、保险公司员工维权所提供的法律服务；为保险公司、保险经纪公司、保险公估公司等提供的法律服务。这些传统服务具体包括以下内容：


      第一，为投保人、被保险人、受益人所提供的法律服务：


      投保法律服务：接受个体险及团体险的客户投保咨询;对投保书及保险条款进行法律解释，尤其是免责条款的告知;接受客户的委托，就保险条款不明事宜向保险公司提出质询函，明确保单项下权利义务;参与投保人与保险公司订立保险合同的谈判;接受客户的委托，负责全程的投保咨询及法律指导，直至客户签约完毕。其他投保中需要律师提供法律帮助的事宜。


      理赔法律服务：接受客户的保险理赔咨询，结合保险条款预先确认理赔范围;接受客户的委托，协助客户搜集理赔资料，向保险公司申请理赔;接受客户的委托，就理赔中双方争议的问题与保险公司进行谈判，必要时发律师函;接受全程协助理赔委托;其他理赔中需要律师提供法律帮助的事宜。


      保险诉讼或仲裁业务：接受客户的委托，代理客户与保险公司之间各项保险合同诉讼纠纷及仲裁纠纷;接受客户的委托，代理财产险业务中向致害人索赔纠纷;其他涉及诉讼及仲裁纠纷的法律事务。


      第二，为保险业务员、保险公司员工维权所提供的法律服务：保险业务员或员工与保险公司之间的人事代理纠纷、劳动仲裁纠纷;保险业务员与保险公司之间的业务代理纠纷;保险业务员与客户之间的保险纠纷;保险业务员涉及刑事案件的全程代理和刑事辩护，包括侦查阶段、检察阶段和庭审阶段;其他维权案件。


      第三，为保险公司、保险经纪公司、保险公估公司等提供的法律服务：担任公司常年法律顾问;就公司重大事件提供全程的专项法律服务;代理各项涉诉或仲裁案件;代理财产险的代位追偿案件;代理各项劳动仲裁纠纷、人事代理纠纷案件;参与与其他经营机构的业务合作谈判，草拟或审查业务合作协议;就疑难的保险索赔或理赔案件解答法律咨询或提出处理意见，出具法律意见书；参与对业务人员的法律业务知识培训，并进行授课;就公司日常业务中涉及的法律问题进行法律咨询;保险公司的其他法律事务。


      面对保险业供给侧改革带来的蓝海业务需求，我国保险律师业务创新是大势所趋。然而这种创新在我们看来也是承继了传统保险律师业务基础上的迭代和对保险业供给侧改革面临的问题以及改革趋势的呼应。


      经过分析和研究，我们认为今后中国保险律师将至少面临以下几个方面的业务创新。


      第一个创新是从代理保险产品的理赔诉讼纠纷将律师业务延伸至参与保险产品的战略方向设定和参与产品的具体研发。保险律师是律师队伍中对保险业务具有较为深入了解和具备一定保险金融理论与实务能力的律师，属于复合型人才。随着国家放开市场，强化监管的政策导向，保险产品的研发所面临的法律风险将系统化和扩大化。因此，保险公司聘请律师担任法律顾问的职能将不再局限于代理保险产品的理赔诉讼纠纷、日常合同审核等时候补救的范围，而是向业务链的前端拓展，延伸至公司战略决策和产品预研或研发阶段，深度参与保险产品的设计细节，保障保险公司的战略安全。


      第二个创新是研究监管政策的内容和走向，为保险业提供行业发展的专业化研究报告。这个工作以往多是由咨询公司承担，但咨询公司的专业性特别是针对性和研究深度与专业的保险律师团队相比不具有竞争力。大型保险公司根据自身业务发展和公司战略可以独立或联合聘请具备相应能力的保险律师团队根据保险业监督管理委员会和国家相关主管部门的政策走向，根据需要向自己提供及时、准确、专业的行业研究分析报告，提高公司决策效率，减少战略性风险。


      第三个创新是保险公司的新设与治理业务。这里的新设与治理面对的客户主要包括境内资本在国内新设保险公司和境外资本在国内新设保险公司，也包括境内资本在国外新设保险公司和境外资本在境外新设保险公司。特别需要注意的是，保险公司设立与治理不能绕开未来新设公司退出市场的可行性与成本预测问题，这是一个需要律师团队预先介入并充分研究的问题。这些业务的开拓与运营将是对我国律师队伍特别是保险律师队伍极具诱惑力和挑战力的新板块。


      保险业供给侧改革产生的巨大法律服务市场需求将催生新的律师业务，这在业内已经被很多人认可，本文不再赘述。我们此处讨论的问题是新业务给律师间关系或者说给保险律师这个行业细分领域带来生产关系的变革。


      首先是新业务将无法依托个别律师的工匠精神来完成。本文中提出的三个业务创新板块均为商事法律服务，按照作者的总结，这些板块的业务具有持续性、复杂性、并发性等特点。应对新业务，不再可能通过一个律师加上若干律师助理或授薪律师就可以完成。至于授薪对的创造性的局限，相信大家心里有数，在此不再赘述。


      其次是律师间将面临非剥削平等状况下的竞争与合作状态。在传统律师业务发展过程中，这种状态并没有普遍存在，更没有长期存在。然而和互联网行业一样，保险业供给侧改革所需要的法律服务和律师（律师团队）的独创性是复杂而多样的。因此保险公司，特别是大型保险公司通过何种方式购买法律服务并最终整合为自身需要的法律解决方案将直接关系到保险公司的战略安全。保险公司特别是业内大型保险公司的最终管理方案，将很大程度上对保险律师间的生产关系产生示范性影响。


      最后，无论保险业供给侧改革给保险业和保险律师带来什么样的挑战，我们都坚信在勤奋、勇气和敬业精神的引导下，保险业和保险律师业务的未来会变得更好。


  • 上一个：【百瑞视角】健康中国的发展目标与政策给医疗大健康和商业健康保险带来的发展元素和机遇
  • 下一个：【百瑞视角】浅析同一财产保险标的上的不同保险利益
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